Louie Sison
Towering over the island of Negros at 2,465 meters (8,087 feet), Kanlaon Volcano, also known as Mount Kanlaon or Bundok Kanlaon, is a sight to behold.
As the highest peak in the Visayas region and one of the most active volcanoes in the Philippines, Kanlaon attracts adventurers, hikers, and nature lovers from all over the country.
If you’re planning a trip to this majestic mountain, here’s everything you need to know to make the most of your visit while staying safe.
About Kanlaon Volcano
Kanlaon is a complex stratovolcano located about 30 km southeast of Bacolod City, straddling the provinces of Negros Occidental and Negros Oriental.
It has two summit craters – the active Lugud crater just below the summit, and the 2×0.8 km Margaja Valley caldera to the north.
The volcano is part of the larger Mount Kanlaon Natural Park, which covers 24,557 hectares of lush rainforests and diverse wildlife. It was declared a protected area in 2001 for its biological resources and ecological importance.
Kanlaon has a long history of volcanic activity, with over 30 recorded eruptions since 1866. Most have been small-to-moderate phreatic steam-driven explosions, though a strombolian eruption ejecting magma occurred in 1902.
The most recent eruption was a phreatic explosion on June 3, 2024.
Planning Your Visit
The best time to climb Kanlaon is during the dry season from March to May or October to December. Only one expedition party per trail is allowed at a time. Permits are required and must be secured from the DENR office in Canlaon City at least 3 months in advance. A maximum of 10 climbers plus 2 mandatory guides are allowed per group.
There are several trails to the summit ranging from 8 km to multi-day treks through the wilderness. The Guintubdan trail in La Carlota City is the most popular route. Hiring local guides and porters is recommended for safety and to support the community.
What to Bring
Proper gear is a must for climbing Kanlaon. Required equipment includes:
- Hardhat
- Sleeping bag and tent
- Pressure stove for cooking
- Personal first aid kit
- Ready-to-cook food (to be inspected)
- Garbage bags (pack in, pack out)
Wear sturdy hiking shoes, long sleeves, and pants to protect from the elements. Bring plenty of water, trail snacks, sunscreen, sunglasses, and a headlamp. Expect cold temperatures at the summit.
Safety Guidelines
Kanlaon is an active volcano, so safety should be your top priority. Always heed advisories from PHIVOLCS and local authorities. The climb will be automatically canceled if there are declared weather disturbances or volcanic activity.Some key safety tips:
- Attend the pre-climb orientation and follow park rules at all times.
- Stay on the designated trails with your guide.
- Wear a hardhat at all times in case of rockfall.
- Bring a dust mask or N95 and goggles in case of ashfall.
- Drink only potable or boiled water.
- Do not litter or disturb wildlife.
- In case of eruption, stay calm, put on your mask/goggles, and follow evacuation orders.
- Have an emergency plan and inform others of your itinerary.
What to Expect
Climbing Kanlaon is a challenging but rewarding experience. The trails wind through dense forests, grasslands, and volcanic terrain. Sights along the way include waterfalls, hot springs, and stunning views of Negros Island.
The summit offers a glimpse into the volcano’s power, with steam vents, a crater lake, and panoramic views (if not obscured by clouds). Expect to spend a cold night at the campsite near the top.
After the climb, soothe your muscles in the hot springs and waterfalls around the mountain like Mambukal Resort. Visit the Energy Development Corporation’s Kanlaon Geothermal Plant to learn about harnessing volcanic power.
Supporting the Community
Kanlaon Volcano is not just a natural wonder but also a source of livelihood and cultural pride for the surrounding communities. Hiring local guides, porters, and patronizing businesses helps support the economy.
You can also volunteer for or donate to conservation efforts in the Mount Kanlaon Natural Park to help preserve its biodiversity. Engage with the rich culture of the area by attending festivals, trying local delicacies, and buying handicrafts.
When Kanlaon Erupts
While eruptions are a breathtaking sight from afar, ashfall can pose health risks and damage infrastructure. If you live near Kanlaon or are visiting during volcanic activity:
- Stay informed via news and social media
- Follow evacuation orders from authorities
- Close windows and doors
- Wear a dust mask or damp cloth over your nose and mouth
- Wear goggles or eyeglasses, not contact lenses
- Cover food and water supplies
- Clear roofs and gutters of ash
- Avoid driving in heavy ashfall
- Seek medical attention for respiratory issues
Fascinating Facts
- Kanlaon’s name may have come from the legend of star-crossed lovers Kang and Laon who were buried on the mountain
- It is sacred to the indigenous Bukidnon people who hold rituals on its slopes
- The first recorded ascent was by Swiss botanist Eugene Zollinger in 1858
- Its 1902 eruption coincided with the devastating eruption of Mount Pelee in Martinique
- There are artifacts and cave paintings in the area dating back to pre-colonial times
Kanlaon Volcano is a priceless gem that deserves our awe, respect, and protection. Whether you’re a casual sightseer or a hardcore mountaineer, always prioritize safety, responsibility, and sensitivity to the local environment and culture.
With the right preparation and mindset, your Kanlaon adventure will be an unforgettable encounter with the raw beauty and power of the Philippines’ natural heritage.
GIPHY App Key not set. Please check settings